Evaluation of the Immunological Status to Hepatitis B Vaccine of individuals after 20 years from Receiving Hepatitis B Vaccine in Compulsory Program in Egypt.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Family Medicine department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University

2 Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a worldwide public health problem. The prevalence of chronic HBV infection is highly variable. Egypt is considered to be a region of intermediate prevalence for HBV infection with reported figure of 4.5%
In 1991, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended that hepatitis B vaccination should be included in national vaccination programs in all countries with a hepatitis B carrier prevalence (HBsAg) of > 8% by 1995 and in all countries by 1997.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the immunologic status (An anti-HBs level of >10 mIU/ml that is protective against HBV infection) among individuals after 20 years from receiving hepatitis B vaccine in compulsory program in Egypt.
 Methods:  It is a cross sectional study. It was carried out on 57 medical students. They are studying in the 2nd year of Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University (FOM, SCU). It was conducted at Family Practice clinic affiliated to Suez Canal University Hospital. In the current study a self-administered questionnaire was fulfilled by the studied population. A blood sample was taken to measure serum anti-HBs Ab titre. Individuals with positive protective titre(>10 mIU/mL)  were tested for HBcIgG to determine whether they are positive due to  vaccination or old infection, positive HBcIgG individuals were tested for HBsAg to determine if they were still infected or not.
Results: The current study showed that; only 35.1 % of the studied population have got a positive protective HBsAb titre (>10 mIU/mL). Conclusion: The current study concluded that, after 20 years of receiving HBV vaccine in the compulsory vaccination program in Egypt about 2/3 of individuals (64.9%) had anti-HBs titre < 10 mIU/mL. This level of antibodies puts the studied population at an increased risk of acquiring infection with HBV during their future life. 

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