Effect of Lifestyle Modification on common risk factors of Non- Communicable Diseases (NCDs) among Overweight and Obese Medical Students in Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University: A Pre-Post Interventional Study.

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 family medicine department, faculty of medicine zagazig university. Egypt

2 public health and community department, faculty of medicine zagazig university. Egypt

3 family medicine department, faculty of medicine. zagazig university. Egypt

Abstract

Background: University life is characterized by deterioration in health behaviors, as poor eating habits and decreased physical activity which may result in a bad health outcomes in the form of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). Modification of lifestyle is the cornerstone for managing obesity, lipid and lipoprotein problems, in primary and secondary preventive settings.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of lifestyle modification program on behavioral (diet and physical exercise) and metabolic risk factors (Blood pressure, hemoglobin A1C and lipid profile) of NCDs in overweight and obese medical students.
Methods: A pre-post interventional study, on one hundred and thirty students in Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University, assigned to an intervention group that is exposed to a lifestyle modification program and a control group. Blood pressure, hemoglobin A1C and lipid profile were evaluated before and after the intervention.
Results: There was a significant improvement in the intervention group regarding dietary balance, physical activity, BMI as12.3% of students acquired normal weight, and the percentage of obese students dropped from 16.9% to 13.9%, The percentage of hypertensives decreased from 23% to 1.5%, and fasting lipid profile (dyslipidemia dropped from 40% to 7.7%) compared to controls. Binary logistic regression showed that diastolic blood pressure percentage of change, and HDL-C percentage of change were the most significant factors associated with dietary percentage of change in the intervention group.
Conclusion: Lifestyle modification is highly effective in reducing common risk factors of NCDs affecting (overweight/obesity, elevated blood pressure and dyslipidemia).

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